Retirement policies and economic security for older people in Africa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21504/sajg.v6i2.118Abstract
Major features and limitations of social insurance and retirement programmes in Africa are examined. The relationship between formal and informal security systems is explored and the role of communities, non-governmental organizations and employer-based private pension schemes for retired older Africans is highlighted. In addition, social, health, gender inequity and long-term care services are discussed, the provision of which could enhance the well-being of older Africans.References
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Apt, N. & Grieco, M. 1994. Urbanization, caring for the elderly people and the changing African family: the challenge to social policy. International Security Review, 47(3-4): 111-121.
Ardener, S.G. 1964. The comparative study of rotating credit associations. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 94: 201-229.
Baldwin, S. & Falkingham, J. 1994. Social security and social change: new challenges to the Beveridge model. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
Braun, J. V. 1991 Social security in Sub-Saharan Africa: reflections on policy challenge. In: Ahmad, E., Dreze, J., Hills, J. & Sen, A. (Eds) Social security in developing countries. Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 395-414.
Cattell, M.G. 1993. Caring for the elderly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ageing International (June): 13-19.
Engman, E.V.T. 1986. Population of Ghana: 1850-1960. Accra: Ghana Universities Press.
Gilbert, N. 1977. Alternative forms of social protection for developing countries. Social Security Review, 50: 363-387.
Graut, J. V. 1990. Social security schemes in Africa: current trends and problems. International Labour Review, 129(4): 405-421.
Jenkins, M. 1993. Extending social security protection to the entire population: problems and issues. International Social Security Review, 46(2): 3-20.
Kinsella, K. & Ferreira, M. 1997. Aging trends: South Africa. International Brief 97-2. Washington, DC: US Bureau of the Census, International Programs Center.
Kludze, A.K.P. 1988. Formal and informal social security in Ghana. In: Benda-Beckmann, E., Casino, E., Hirtz, F., Woodman, G.H & Zacher, H.F. (Eds) Between kinship and the state: social security and law in developing countries. Holland: Floris Publications, pp. 187-209.
Midgley, J. 1994. Social security policy in developing countries: integrating state traditional systems. Focaal, 22/23: 219-230.
Midgley, J. 1997. Social welfare in global context. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Miracle, M.P., Miracle, D.S. & Cohen, L. 1980. Informal savings mobilization in Africa. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 28(4): 701-724.
Nabila, J.S. 1986. Rural-urban migration and its applications for rural development in Ghana. In: Brown, C.K. (Ed.) Rural development in Ghana. Accra: Ghana Universities Press, pp. 75-89.
Okojie, F.A. (1988). Aging in Sub-Saharan Africa: toward a redefinition of needs research and policy directions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 3: 3-19.
Peil, M. 1989. Health and physical support for the elderly in Nigeria. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 4: 89-106.
Peil, M. 1991. Family support for the Nigerian elderly. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 22(1) (Spring): 85-99.
Rathbone-McCuan, E. 1982. Isolated elders: health and social intervention. Rockville, MO: Aspen Systems.
Soen, D. & Comarmond, P.D. 1979. Savings associations among the Bamileke: traditional and modern co-operation in Southwest Cameroon. American Anthropologist, 74(5): 1170-1179.
Tracy, M.B. 1991. Social policies for the elderly in the Third World. New York: Greenwood Press.
United Nations. Department of lnternational Economic and Social Affairs." 1980. Demographic indicators of countries, estimates and projections as assessed in 1980. New York: United Nations.
United Nations. Department of lnternational Economic and Social Affairs. 1985. The world ageing situation: strategies and policies. New York: United Nations.
United States Bureau of the Census. 1997. Global aging into the 21st century. Wall chart. Washington, DC: International Programs Center.
Velez-Ibanez, C.G. 1983. Bonds of mutual trust: the cultural systems of rotating credit associations among urban Mexicans and Chicanos. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
Apt, N. & Grieco, M. 1994. Urbanization, caring for the elderly people and the changing African family: the challenge to social policy. International Security Review, 47(3-4): 111-121.
Ardener, S.G. 1964. The comparative study of rotating credit associations. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 94: 201-229.
Baldwin, S. & Falkingham, J. 1994. Social security and social change: new challenges to the Beveridge model. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
Braun, J. V. 1991 Social security in Sub-Saharan Africa: reflections on policy challenge. In: Ahmad, E., Dreze, J., Hills, J. & Sen, A. (Eds) Social security in developing countries. Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 395-414.
Cattell, M.G. 1993. Caring for the elderly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ageing International (June): 13-19.
Engman, E.V.T. 1986. Population of Ghana: 1850-1960. Accra: Ghana Universities Press.
Gilbert, N. 1977. Alternative forms of social protection for developing countries. Social Security Review, 50: 363-387.
Graut, J. V. 1990. Social security schemes in Africa: current trends and problems. International Labour Review, 129(4): 405-421.
Jenkins, M. 1993. Extending social security protection to the entire population: problems and issues. International Social Security Review, 46(2): 3-20.
Kinsella, K. & Ferreira, M. 1997. Aging trends: South Africa. International Brief 97-2. Washington, DC: US Bureau of the Census, International Programs Center.
Kludze, A.K.P. 1988. Formal and informal social security in Ghana. In: Benda-Beckmann, E., Casino, E., Hirtz, F., Woodman, G.H & Zacher, H.F. (Eds) Between kinship and the state: social security and law in developing countries. Holland: Floris Publications, pp. 187-209.
Midgley, J. 1994. Social security policy in developing countries: integrating state traditional systems. Focaal, 22/23: 219-230.
Midgley, J. 1997. Social welfare in global context. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Miracle, M.P., Miracle, D.S. & Cohen, L. 1980. Informal savings mobilization in Africa. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 28(4): 701-724.
Nabila, J.S. 1986. Rural-urban migration and its applications for rural development in Ghana. In: Brown, C.K. (Ed.) Rural development in Ghana. Accra: Ghana Universities Press, pp. 75-89.
Okojie, F.A. (1988). Aging in Sub-Saharan Africa: toward a redefinition of needs research and policy directions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 3: 3-19.
Peil, M. 1989. Health and physical support for the elderly in Nigeria. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 4: 89-106.
Peil, M. 1991. Family support for the Nigerian elderly. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 22(1) (Spring): 85-99.
Rathbone-McCuan, E. 1982. Isolated elders: health and social intervention. Rockville, MO: Aspen Systems.
Soen, D. & Comarmond, P.D. 1979. Savings associations among the Bamileke: traditional and modern co-operation in Southwest Cameroon. American Anthropologist, 74(5): 1170-1179.
Tracy, M.B. 1991. Social policies for the elderly in the Third World. New York: Greenwood Press.
United Nations. Department of lnternational Economic and Social Affairs." 1980. Demographic indicators of countries, estimates and projections as assessed in 1980. New York: United Nations.
United Nations. Department of lnternational Economic and Social Affairs. 1985. The world ageing situation: strategies and policies. New York: United Nations.
United States Bureau of the Census. 1997. Global aging into the 21st century. Wall chart. Washington, DC: International Programs Center.
Velez-Ibanez, C.G. 1983. Bonds of mutual trust: the cultural systems of rotating credit associations among urban Mexicans and Chicanos. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
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1997-10-01
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