Xizambi friction-bow music of the Shangana-Tsonga
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21504/amj.v4i4.1683Keywords:
Ethnomusicology -- South Africa, Tsonga (African people) -- Music, Musical bow -- South AfricaAbstract
Tsonga drums, antelope horns, leg-rattles and whistles are generally used to accompany ritual dancing within the context of two of the three ritual institutions: khomba (puberty school) and mancomane (doctor's ceremonies). Ngoma (circumcision school) is secret and therefore avoids their use. Use may occur, however, within the context of three non-ritual musical institutions: mine dances, beer-drinks and xigubu (boys' drumming school). Two other forms of musical activity - those of work songs and children's songs - rarely employ instruments.References
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Blacking, J., 1955: "Eight flute tunes from Butembo”; "Some notes on a theory of African rhythm
advanced by Erich von Hornbostel”, A frican M usic, I, 2. 1961: "Patterns of Nsenga kalimba music”, A frican M usic, II, 4.
Hornbostel, E. 1928: "African Negro Music”, A frica, I.
Jassen, W. and Morton, J., 1965: "Acoustic correlates of stress”, Language and Speech, No. 8.
Kubik, G., 1962: "The phenomenon of inherent rhythms in East and Central African instrumental music”, African Music, III,1.
1964: "Xylophone playing in southern Uganda”, f.R .A.I ., 94, II.
1969: "Composition techniques in Kiganda xylophone music”, African Music, IV, 3.
Kyagambiddwa, J., 1956: "African Music fro m the Source o f the Nile”, Atlantic Press, London.
Nketia, J. H. K., 1963: Folk Songs o f Ghana, O.U.P., London.
Rycroft, D., 1967: "Nguni vocal polyphony”, J.I.F .M .C .
Snoxall, R. A ., 1967: A Luganda-English D ictionary.
Tracey, H., 1969 (with G. Kubik and A. Tracey): Codification o f African Music and Textbook Project.
Tucker, A. N., 1962: "The syllable in Luganda: a prosodic approach”,/. A f. Lang, I, 2.
1967: Intro, to Snoxall, 1967.
Wachsmann, K. P., 1950: "An equal-stepped tuning in a Ganda harp”, Nature, 165, p. 40.
1953: "Musicology in Uganda”, f.R .A .I ., 83, I.
1958: "A century of change in the folk music of an African tribe”, f.I.F .M .C .
1965: "Some speculations concerning a Drum Chime in Buganda”, Man, Jan.-Feb
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Published
1970-08-05
How to Cite
Johnston, Thomas. 1970. “Xizambi Friction-Bow Music of the Shangana-Tsonga”. African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music 4 (4):81-95. https://doi.org/10.21504/amj.v4i4.1683.
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